Analysis of the formation of nanopigments with annatto extract used in the dyeing of 100% cotton.

Abstract

The search for more sustainable and less polluting alternatives for the textile industry has led to exploring the use of natural and organic pigments for dyeing fabrics. The objective of this research is to  analyze the formation of nanopigments with annatto  extract for use in 100% cotton dyeing. The scientific method used is experimental and observation, in addition several qualitative techniques are used and for the extraction goes through dynamic maceration, rotavapor, separation with hydroxides and extracts a random sample is taken and for convenience the homogeneous mixture is made with the nanoclay where the nanopigments were obtained through a synthesis process in which hydrated clay of Trimethyl Stearyl Ammonium was used  as a support, and organic molecules of annatto were inserted. Then we proceed to dye several samples of cotton by recipe provided, to later perform the washing. The nanopigments obtained were characterized by various techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy SEM and with  the spectrophotometer the  color fastness  to the wash is evaluated and by the Cie94  calculator the Delta-E is obtained. Among the SEM findings  the sample  Co_9 Trimethyl + P has a titration (2) = presence of NP, with a reddish-orange brick  color with (∆E = 58.61) the opposite happens with the sample Co_5 Trimethyl + R, is valued as (1) = reduced presence NC, has a color:     Very weak pale yellowish (∆E = 3.46  ) and the solidity of the dye was evaluated  and the dry and wet rubbing is also assessed with the gray scale. Likewise, the average  yield of  9.09% is obtained, obtaining results in terms of solidity 1 and color change 5 in fabrics dyed with solid pigment as opposed to low fastness in fabrics with liquid dye. Therefore, it is concluded that the annatto nanopigments obtained are a viable and sustainable alternative for textile dyeing and its application in the textile industry.