Wool dyeing by exhaustion with nano clays and achiote extracts (bixa orellana)

Abstract

Nanotechnology is used to generate new nanometric structures. The objective of this research was to develop the formation of a nanopigment using the carotenoid dyes from Achiote (Bixa Orellana) to optimize molecular compaction in 100% wool tissue. For the formation of the nanopigment, 10g of nanoclays were used: Trimethyl stearyl ammonium or Montmorillonite, K10, Halloysite and Bentonite hydrated separately in 2L of deionized water. The concentration was 0.005 g / L; then, with the achiote extracts previously separated with sodium and potassium hydroxide, a solution of 10g of solid pigment and 10g of liquid dye was made separately in 1L of demineralized water: the concentration was 0.01 g / L. The mixing for the cationic exchange between the nanoclay and the pigment is carried out at a ratio of ¼, that is, 100 ml of nanoclay in 400 ml of solid pigment. The same was done with the liquid dye; With the nanopigment formed, 17 wool tissue samples were dyed. The method used is the experimental one; the analysis used color measurement with a spectrophotometer; fastness to washing, loading and unloading to rubbing is assessed; the ultraviolet protection factor UPF of the tissue is evaluated. The Cie94 Delta-E color fastness shows significant color changes. Regarding washing and rubbing, they show differences mostly on a 5/4 scale (excellent / very good) and minimal (between medium / low) 3/2; In addition, the results of the UV-Visible Spectrophotometry measurements of the UVA sun protection factor were low in wool, therefore it was concluded that it has greater protection from ultraviolet rays: this could represent less damage to the skin.